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N°1 | The Swordfish

The Swordfish belongs to the Xiphiidae family. Swordfish reach a maximum size of 455 cm in total length and a maximum weight of 650 kg, although individuals caught generally measure 120 to 190 cm in length for 140 kg. Swordfish have a minimum lifespan of 9 years. They can spawn all year round. They can be caught all year round. Swordfish, are the only member of the Xiphiidae family and can be distinguished from other billfishes (family Billfish) by the shape of its extended "beak", which is in the form of a flattened oval cross-section. The bill is long compared to other sword fishes and adults lack teeth in the jaws. While the young have scales, they are lost when the fish reaches a length of about 1 m. Adults lack scales and teeth. The body is generally cylindrical. Two dorsal fins are present, although the second is quite small, separate from the first and very far back on the body. The first dorsal fin is high and rigid. Similarly, there are two anal fins, although the second is much smaller than the first. Pelvic fins are absent. The caudal fin is lunar, while the caudal peduncle has a pronounced keel on each side. The lateral line is also present in specimens up to 1 m long, but it is also missing in adulthood. Before adulthood, the morphology of swordfish changes considerably, as described below. The colour is blackish brown above, then moving to a lighter shade. The fins are brown or dark brown.

Fishing period : All year round

Minimum size : 120 cm

Difficulty :

N°2 | The Lane Snapper

The Lane Snapper belongs to the Lutjanidae family. Lane snappers have an average length of 36 cm and a maximum length of 50 cm. Sexual maturity is achieved at lengths of 10 to 23 cm. The maximum estimated age of the snapper is 10 years. Their spawning period depends on the location. It can be fished in late spring and early summer. The snapper has a deep body and a pointed snout. It has a double dorsal fin, with a curved anal fin and short pectoral fins. The caudal fin is emarginated to slightly forked. Lane snapper has two color phases. The coloring of the deep water phase is darker and more pronounced than that of the resting phase in shallow water. The two color phases have the upper sides and the backs pink to red with a green shade. The lower sides and belly are silvered with a yellow shade. The head has 3 or 4 yellow bands from the snout to the eye, the lower jaw slightly protrudes. There are eight to ten horizontal yellow to pink stripes on their sides and three or four stripes below their anterior dorsal radius. There is a diffuse black spot under the soft part of the dorsal fin. All fins range from yellow to red.

Fishing period : late spring to early summer

Minimum size : 20 cm

Difficulty :

N°3 | The Razorback Sucker

The Razorback Sucker belongs to the Catostomidae family. It is a relatively large catostomidae, reaching more than 91 cm in length and weighing 5 to 6 kg. It has a lifespan of 50 years. It nests from January to June. It cannot be fished because of its status as an endangered species. Razorback suckers are similar to other Catostomidae, with the exception of two main characteristics. The most characteristic features of the razorback sucker are a pronounced edge made of neural and internal bone that extends from the head to the dorsal fins, as well as elongated filaments on the gills. Females have a lower keel. Well-developed filaments are made for zooplankton feeding. It has a long snout, a long rounded head that is ventrally compressed and a ventral mouth with a split lower lip. There is 12 to 15 rays on the dorsal fin and the anal fin has 7 rays. Pelvic and anal fins are longer in males. It has an almost straight lateral line with 68 to 87 scales.

Fishing period : prohibited all year

Minimum size : not available

Difficulty :

N°4 | The Bull trout

The Bull trout belongs to the Salmonidae family. It can measure up to 103 cm long and weigh up to 14.5 kg. It can live for a dozen years. It breeds from July to December. It can be fished from June to February. Like other arctic char species, the fins of a bull trout have white leading edges. Its head and mouth are exceptionally large for salmonidae, which gave it its name. Bull trout up to 103 cm long and weighing 14.5 kg have been recorded. Bull trout can be migratory, moving through major river systems, lakes and the ocean, or they can be resident and remain in the same river all their lives. Migratory bull trout is generally much larger than resident bull trout, which rarely exceeds 2 kg. Bull trout differs from brook trout (S. fontinalis) in the absence of distinct spots on the dorsal fin, as well as yellow, orange or salmon spots on the back, as opposed to red spots with blue halos on the trout stream. Bull trout do not have the deep-dug caudal fin of lake trout (S. namaycush, another Arctic char).

Fishing period : June to February

Minimum size : 50 cm

Difficulty :

N°5 | The Bonefish

The Bonefish belongs to the Albulidae family. The maximum size of the bonefish is 104 cm and the maximum weight is 10 kg. They can live up to 10 years. It breeds from November to May. It can be fished all year round. Many fossil remains, several million years old and dating from the dinosaur era, show that the tarpon has the particularity of having changed very little during its long existence. It can be recognized by its streamlined body covered with large silver scales and its mouth with a prominent lower jaw with many small pointed teeth. These characteristics seem to have inspired the different appellations attributed to it according to its geographical distribution: "Silver King" in America or the "Great Scale" in the West Indies.

Fishing period : All year

Minimum size : no restriction

Difficulty :

N°6 | The Blue Runner

The Blue Runner belongs to the Carangidae family. The blue runner can reach a maximum length of 70 cm and a weight of 5.05 kg, but its average size is below 35 cm. The maximum lifespan recorded was 11 years. The spawning season depends on the location. They can be caught all year round. The blue runner has an elongated, moderately flattened body and a slightly pointed snout. The posterior part of the eye is covered with a moderately developed adipose eyelid, and the posterior end of the jaw is placed vertically under the center of the eye. The dorsal fin is in two parts, the first part composed of 8 spines and the second of one spine followed by 22 to 25 soft rays. The anal fin consists of 2 previously detached spines followed by a spine and 19 to 21 soft rays. Pectoral fins become sicklier with age, with 21 to 23 rays, and are slightly longer than the head. The lateral line has a pronounced but short anterior arch, the curved section intersecting the right section below the spine of the second dorsal fin. The right section contains 0 to 7 scales followed by 46 to 56 very strong scales, with bilateral hulls on the caudal peduncle. There are a total of 86 to 98 scales and scales on the entire lateral line. The color of the blue runner varies from bluish green to dorsally olive green, becoming silver grey to copper below. Juveniles often have 7 dark vertical stripes on their bodies. The color of the fins also varies, all fins ranging from darkest to darkest or from hyaline to

Fishing period : All year

Minimum size : no restriction

Difficulty :

N°7 | The Almaco Jack

The Almaco Jack belongs to the Carangidae family. Its adult size varies from 80 cm to 120 cm. They reproduce in spring. It can be fished all year round. It has two dorsal fins, the longer of the two is about twice as long as the longer of the dorsal spines. It has a pale blue-green color, with a lavender glow. The Almaco Jack has a short upper jaw, with a yellowish streak from the jaw to the first dorsal fin, but its color becomes less recognizable as the fish ages. Younger almaco jacks usually have six black bars on the sides. The mouth is protractile and allows it to swallow its entire prey.

Fishing period : All year

Minimum size : no restriction

Difficulty :

N°8 | The Permit fish

The Permit fish belongs to the Carangidae family. Permits reach a maximum length of at least 122 cm and a weight of 36 kg. Permit can be up to 23 years old, but they probably live longer. The spawning season of permit can last all year round. It can be fished in the spring. The deeply forked tail and elongated front dorsal fin provide the most distinctive features of the permit. Resembling long sickle-like fins, these fins give the name of the fish species, falcatus. However, the permit can also be identified by its highly compressed lateral body, which gives the fish a fine and high appearance. From a lateral point of view, the shape of the permit is rounded in juveniles, but becomes oblong as the fish ages to become an adult. In addition to the long dorsal anterior fin, inserted directly above an elongated anterior anal fin, it also provides 17 to 21 soft dorsal and 16 to 19 soft anal rays. The permits have bright silver sides and blue-green or brown backs. The belly sometimes has occasional yellow or black spots. The fins appear dark grey or black.

Fishing period : spring

Minimum size : 55 cm

Difficulty :

N°9 | The Atlantic salmon

The Atlantic salmon belongs to the Salmonidae family. Atlantic salmon can measure up to 1.50 m in length and weigh up to 36 kg. The average longevity of Atlantic salmon is estimated at 10 years. It breeds from October to November. The female lays 1500 to 1800 eggs per kg of weight. It can be fished all year round. Atlantic salmon have an elongated and slender body. The anal fin has eight to eleven rays. The caudal is large, concave in adults and forked in young people. The head is small and flattened on top. The mouth is large (split to the posterior edge of the eye) and has strong teeth on the jaws, tongue and palate. The scales are large and visible. The lateral line is straight. Large black dots on a light background form X on the head, back and dorsal fin. The color varies from blue to blue-grey on the back, it is silvery on the sides. It varies during the spawning season, with adults turning bronze to dark brown. They lose their silvery livery when they enter fresh water. Males are marked with red dots on the sides. The young are marked with seven to eleven vertical fingerprints that they will lose when they enter the sea. As spawning approaches, the male's head will change: it will elongate, the lower jaw will develop and bend to form a hook (male "becard").

Fishing period : All year

Minimum size : 50 cm

Difficulty :

N°10 | Black Bream Fish

The Black breamfish, also known as Acanthopagrus butcheri, is a Sparidae. In general, its average size is 15 to 35 cm and its weight is 500 g to 2.5 kg. However, some individuals can reach up to 60 cm and 4 kg. The black bream has a lifespan of 27 years. Its spawning period is between August and January. It can have up to 300,000 spawn each season. It is not hard to catch and offer a little resistance. The Black bream has a high body and relatively compressed laterally, with symmetrically curved dorsal and ventral fins. The mouth is of moderate size compared to the body and has six incisors in the front of the lower and upper jaws. The body is covered with large scales that can be cycloid or slightly ctenoid. The head is essentially flake-free, except for the lids. A flake sheath covers the soft ray bases of the dorsal, anal and caudal fins. The Black Bream is silvery, from golden brown or bronze to grey-green on the back as well as on the sides with sometimes greenish reflections, depending on its habitat. The belly is white. The fins are all dark, with black borders. The caudal fin is often dark olive-brown.

Fishing period : All year

Minimum size : 25 cm

Difficulty :

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This is a score of 1 to 10 calculated city by city according to some forty criteria affecting fishing: moon, weather conditions, atmospheric pressure, sunrise / sunset. sun, tides, swell etc .